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[RACTI-RU1-2007-102] Vlachos, Kyriakos , Breusegem, E. , Christodoulopoulos, Konstantinos , Colle, Didier , Ramantas, Kostas and Demeester, Piet , Constrained and Unconstrained Overspill Routing in Optical Networks: A Detailed Performance Evaluation , in: Springer: Journal on Photonic Network Communications, volume 13, number 3, pages 227-240, 2007.
Keywords: Hybrid optical switching , Optical networks , Overspill routing , Photonic switching systems
[RACTI-RU1-2004-54] Kehayas, E. , Kanellos, T , Stampoulidis, L. , Tsiokos, D , Pleros, N. and Guekos, G. , Packet-Format and Network-Traffic Transparent Optical Signal Processing , in: Journal of Lightwave Technology, volume 22, number 11, pages 2548-2556, 2004. [DOI]
Abstract: In this paper, we demonstrate optical transparency
in packet formatting and network traffic offered by all-optical
switching devices. Exploiting the bitwise processing capabilities
of these “optical transistors,” simple optical circuits are designed
verifying the independency to packet length, synchronization
and packet-to-packet power fluctuations. Devices with these attributes
are key elements for achieving network flexibility, fine
granularity and efficient bandwidth-on-demand use. To this end, a
header/payload separation circuit operating with IP-like packets,
a clock and data recovery circuit handling asynchronous packets
and a burst-mode receiver for bursty traffic are presented. These
network subsystems can find application in future high capacity
data-centric photonic packet switched networks.
[RACTI-RU1-2009-61] Vlachos, Kyriakos , Rafaelli, Carla , Aleksic, Slavisa , Andriolli, Nicola , Apostolopoulos, Dimitrios , Avramopoulos, Hercules , Erasme, Didier , Klonidis, Dimitris , Petersen, Martin Nordal , Scaffardi, Mirco , Schulze, Karsten , Spiropoulou, Maria , Sygletos, Stelios , Tomkos, Ioannis , Vazquez, Carmen , Zouraraki, Olga and Neri, Fabio , Photonics in switching: enabling echnologies and subsystem design , in: Journal of Optical Networking, volume 8, number 5, pages 404-428, 2009.
Abstract: Present-dayapplicationsofthehighcapacityprovidedbyopticalfibermainlyconcern
point-to-pointlinks,possiblyequippedwithamplifiers.Asaconsequence,optical
WDMlightpathsarestaticandareboundtobeconsideredasascarceresource.Once
setup,theyremaininplace,essentiallyforever.Thus,currentopticalnetworksare
staticwavelength(circuit)switched,whereopticalcross-connects(OXCs)areusedto
switchtraffic[1].However,opticalcircuitswitching (OCS)perfectlyfitsforsmooth
trafficofconstantbitrates,butisunsuitablefordynamicalopticalnetworkingtosup-
portburstytraffic.Opticalpacketswitching (OPS)[2]hasbeenproposedforthe
on-demanduseofcapacity.Althoughverypromising,thistechnologylagsbehinddue
tothelackofatrueopticalrandomaccessmemory.Thisstressestheneedforon-the-
flypacketprocessing,whichisimpossiblewiththecurrentstate-of-the-artall-optical
logic[3].Anotherpromisingcandidateisopticalburstswitching (OBS),whichcom-
binesthemeritsofpacketandcircuitswitching [4].OBShasbeenproposedtorelax
thetechnologyconstraintsofOPSbyattainingthedynamic,fastsetupofvirtual
lightpaths.Inanycase,itisonlytheswitching speedthatreallytransformstheraw
bitratesintousefulbandwidth,andphotonic technologyplaysanimportantrole
towardthisaim.Tosupportdynamicopticalnetworking,opticalrouterswithfast
reconfigurationcapabilityarerequired.Inrecentyearsmanyresearchactivitieshave
beeninvestigatingarchitecturalsolutionsforopticalrouterimplementation[5-7].A
keypointistheavailabilityoffeasibleenablingphotonic technologytomeetarchitec-
turalandoperationalrequirements.
Thispaperreviewsthestateoftheartofphotonic technologyforhigh-performance
opticalswitching andreportsrecentresearchresultsfromtheVirtualDepartmenton
OpticalSwitching andSystems (VD-S),partofthee-Photon/ONe+andICT-BONE
networkofexcellence[8,9].Togetherwithanotherpapermainlyrelatedtosystem
aspectsandexperimentsinphotonic switching [10],itprovidesaquitecompleteover-
viewofthecurrentresearchactivitiesinthatfieldtoofferacommonknowledgeplat-
formtostimulatefurtherresearch.Thee-Photon/ONe+networkofexcellenceisan
EU-fundedprojectthataimsatintegratinganddevelopingknowledgeinthefieldof
opticalnetworkingandphotonic technology.TheVD-Sworkinggroupconsistsof22
academicandindustrialpartners,anditsscopeistoidentifyanddevelopkeyswitch-
ingtechnologiestomakethespectrumefficientintermsofswitching andnotonlyin
termsofcapacity.Towardthisgoal,theVD-Sworkinggroupdevelopedsynergies
betweenpartnersthroughcollaborativeprojects,includingmobilityactionsforinte-
gratingresearchersandforobtainingaccesstouniqueexperimentalfacilitiesand
opticaltestbeds.
WithinthecourseoftheVD-Sgroup,keyopticalsubsystems thathavebeenidenti-
fiedtoexhibitsignificantperformanceadvancesoverothercandidatetechnologiesare
opticalbuffers,opticalmultiplexers/demultiplexers,andopticalpacket/burstswitches.
However,toachievetheadvantagesofhighperformanceandlowpowerconsumption
thatphotonic scanoffer,otherbuildingblockssuchaswavelengthconverters,optical
logicgates,andregeneratorsmustbedeveloped.Thispaperreviewstheenabling
technology,presentstherecentadvancesinthedesignanddevelopmentofsuchsub-
systems ,andpresentsrecenteffortstowardtheimplementationofatrueall-optical
packetswitching node.
Therestofthepaperisorganizedasfollows.Section 2 presentsenablingoptical
technologiesandisparticularlyfocusedonrecentadvancesinhybridintegration,
wavelengthconversion,andringresonator scapabilities.Sections 3-5 presentthe
stateoftheartintheseareasandresearchresultscarriedoutandundertheorgani-
zationofVD-S.FinallySection 6 concludesthepaper.